Commercial vehicles, both for passenger traffic and cargo , play the most important role in our national economy.

Energy generated from the proposed regenerative braking system must be stored in the battery of the vehicle.

The study has identified the need for the similarity / fractal network in line with the CBD area within the urban fabric in supportive to the smooth transition of the sprawl to an urban fabric.

At present, India is progressing and growing at its fastest pace. It is developing and growing in all sectors like industrial, service, education and infrastructure, etc., which improves its position on economic growth from 142nd position to top 100th position in the world.

The present study is limited to the problem of traffic congestion in analysing the sustainable development in urban transport planning and modelling; Sustainable development is known to be a complex and integrated issue.

The development of automobiles with heat engines is one of the greatest achievements of 20th century and marvel of modern technology. However, the highly developed automotive industry and the large number of automobiles in use around the world have caused and are still causing serious health and environmental problems for society and human life.

The centralized transport system of Kolkata Metropolitan City exhibits the dependency on mass transport services.

This thesis deals with problem of energy management in hybrid electric vehicles. Vehicle customers expect lower fuel consumption, and governments impose tight restrictions on emissions.

Transport affects the local and global environment in many ways and for a number of pollutants the road transport sector is one of the most significant contributors to environment externalities.

The thesis, “Environmental Issues of Urban Road Transport in Ernakulam District,” throws light on the trend and pattern of vehicular mobility in the district and the surrounding externalities particularly related to environment over a given period.