Abstract:

To address concerns related to transport-related air quality, policymakers in Warsaw, Poland, have proposed the implementation of a low-emission zone (LEZ), restricting access to vehicles that don’t meet certain emission standards. Using real-world emissions data obtained from a 2020 TRUE remote sensing campaign in Warsaw, this study examines the impacts of two LEZ implementation options and analyzes their effects on air pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Option 1 gradually strengthens restrictions every 2 years from 2024 to 2034; Option 2 tightens restrictions each year at a more accelerated pace from 2024 to 2028.