Abstract:

Today, the world is facing serious environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions, urban pollution, and fossil fuel exhaustion, all of which are causing energy security concerns. Electromobility, as a road transportation system in which vehicles use electricity for propulsion, may be a viable solution to these issues. The electric motor, which ultimately moves the vehicle, is powered by a battery in this transportation method. Hence, high-performance batteries of reasonable cost are the fundamental requirement for transferring the transport system from conventional (vehicles using IC engines for power requirement) to newer, i.e., electric vehicles (EVs). In India, lead-acid batteries are mainly produced, while Li-ion batteries are utilized by top brand cars for propulsion. Challenging parameters for the production of batteries were identified. Various important features that are used for battery technology classification and performance evaluation were studied. Some battery technologies were briefly explained. For ranking the various battery technologies, the simple additive weighting (SAW) method of multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) techniques was used.