Abstract:

In this study, the authors analyze and evaluate the operation and battery aging of nine EVs operated over up to three years. The authors analyze multi-year commercial vehicle and battery data collected from onboard data loggers in a field test conducted from 2014 to 2016. The authors develop and evaluate periodic non-intrusive capacity tests carried out with a chassis dynamometer to assess battery aging in terms of capacity fade. Electric vehicles in a geriatric care fleet experienced high usage and regular driving patterns with annual driving distances of 9062 km to 15308 km and a mean state-of-charge between 70% and 80% while driving. Use profile regularity and state-of-charge values at the time of plug-in are major factors in the evaluation of vehicle-to-X application viability. Regarding aging, the batteries suffered a capacity fade from 3.1% to up to 13% during fleet operation of three years. Hand in hand with the analysis of this study, the authors publish time series data of the vehicle and the battery in addition to mobility data for nine vehicles to fill the data gap for available electric vehicle data and allow for further analysis.