Abstract:

Different types of batteries have been deployed for EVs and it is not possible to determine which battery ideally satisfies all main features, including energy density, reliability, efficiency, protection, costs, and lifespans. This paper gives a detailed description of current battery technologies and examines some of the principal opportunities and shortcomings for EV applications. The study indicates that the main obstacles to large implementation in the EV industry are energy density, retail costs, technological malignancies, and power dwindling at high temperatures.