Abstract:

Taiwan initiated the "Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions" in 2022 to achieve its 2050 net-zero emission goal. However, the emission reduction effect of electric vehicles has not been fully studied. This study aims to conduct a life cycle assessment (LCA) on environmental performance by replacing petrol vehicles with electric vehicles using the well-to-wheel method. The study establishes a feedback mechanism to correlate the DALY results with population and energy demand. Results show that the reduction in environmental impact from electric vehicles helps mitigate population decline. The emission-reducing potential and environmental impact of electric vehicles by 2050 are estimated to be between 7.826 × 105 and 1.069 × 106 tCO2e, with an emission-reducing potential of 1.076 × 106 to 1.804 × 106 tCO2e.