Abstract:

This article reviews the evolutions and challenges of (i) state-of-the-art battery technologies and (ii) state-of-the-art battery management technologies for hybrid and pure EVs. The key is to reveal the major features, pros and cons, new technological breakthroughs, future challenges, and opportunities for advancing electric mobility. This critical review envisions the development trends of battery chemistry technologies, technologies regarding batteries, and technologies replacing batteries. Wherein, lithium-ion batteries, lithium-metal batteries (such as solid state batteries), and technologies beyond lithium (‘post-lithium’) will be actively explored in the next decades. Meanwhile, the data-driven electrothermal model appears to be promising and has a strong performance. Move-and-charge and wireless power drive technologies will help to reduce battery overdependence. Finally, in order to share data and energy, future high-energy batteries and associated management technologies will actively embrace the information and energy internet.