Abstract:

Nowadays, electric buses are promising alternative solutions to replace the conventional diesel buses in public transport and to improve the air quality thanks to their zero-tail pipe emissions. In this paper, a co-design optimization framework based on simulation design tool is developed to select the proper battery technology (in terms of chemistry, capacity, voltage, etc.) taking into account its lifetime constraints and to provide the best charging scenario (i.e. Overnight charging or Opportunity charging) and charging management strategy (in terms of charging power and time) for dedicated bus-lines in Brussels city. In addition, this paper includes an in-depth technical evaluation of the electrified buses and their possible integration into the existing tram and underground electric infrastructure.