Abstract:

The report discusses the life cycle emissions and TCO (Total Cost Ownership) of vehicles in the US. The base analysis uses a set of assumptions and the analysis results are sensitive to a range of factors. The analysis also included sensitivity analysis discussing the magnitude of variations based on input factors. With future trends in technology and public policy, the life cycle GHG emissions are projected to vary, and the analysis determined the potential of such variations. Decarbonization of electricity appears to be the biggest driver in reducing the life cycle emissions from the vehicle followed by technological advancements in vehicle systems. Larger scale adoption propels the technology growth faster due to economies of scale. This is also proportional to the TCO factor that includes the capital and operational costs of owning a vehicle for the owner. These analysis and results are critical in guiding lawmakers and OEMs to design policies and strategic decisions based on a long-term goal for countries, states, and cities.