Abstract:

The electric vehicle with battery as an energy source is most predominantly preferred in the transportation sector. Despite the advantages, the few parameters of the electric vehicle are still a challenging factor. The main challenges encountered in employing a battery-operated electric vehicle is charging time, driving range and thermal imbalance. Recent advancements in energy storage technologies have resulted in abundance of battery sources and shifted to battery operated electric vehicle. But researchers are confronted with challenges and built a battery management system for an electric vehicle. The Battery Management System (BMS) track, prevent and protect the cells from the undesirable conditions. The basic operations of battery management system are State-of-Charge (SoC) prediction, State-of-Health (SoH) prediction, cell balancing, thermal protection and fault protection circuits. Among these different functions of BMS, the cell balancing helps in reducing the charging time, extending the driving range, and protecting the battery from undesirable conditions such as overcharge, under-discharge and thermal imbalance. The different types of cell balancing include passive, active and hybrid cell balancing techniques. The optimized cell balancing techniques are implemented using MATLAB and experimented. The main objective of this research is to develop robust cell balancing technique to reduce cell balancing time, extending driving range and protection of the battery pack.